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There are currently 96 Glossary and Terminology in this directory beginning with the letter L.
L
Label
A descriptive tag or identifier attached to data points, elements, or categories for identification or classification.
Đăng bởi: Data IdentificationLabel Position
The specific location or placement of labels within a graphical representation or display, aiding in data interpretation.
Đăng bởi: Data VisualizationLabor as a Percentage Cost
The percentage of total expenses attributed to labor costs within a business or production process.
Đăng bởi: Cost AnalysisLaboratory
Facility for performing inspections, tests and calibrations. These can be chemical, metallurgical, geometric, physical, electrical or reliability tests. (On the basis of IATF 16949:2016)
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLaboratory scope
Laboratory scope: A record containing the specific tests, evaluations and calibrations a laboratory has the ability and competency to perform, the list of equipment it uses, and a list of the methods and standards to which it adheres to each of these.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLaboratory/lab
Laboratory/lab: A facility that can perform calibration services, test validation and testing (for example, chemical, metallurgical, dimensional, physical, electrical and reliability testing).
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLack of Fit
A statistical term describing the discrepancy or inadequacy of a model in explaining observed variation in data.
Đăng bởi: Statistical AnalysisLag
A time delay or interval between cause and effect or the occurrence of events in a process or system.
Đăng bởi: Time AnalysisLaplace Distribution
A probability distribution describing continuous random variables with symmetric tails around a central location.
Đăng bởi: Probability DistributionLast off part comparison
Last off part comparison: A comparison of the last part off a production run with a part off the next production run to verify that the quality level is equivalent.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLayout inspection
Layout inspection: The complete measurement of all dimensions shown on a design record.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLCL
Lower Control Limit: The lower boundary or limit in a control chart indicating the minimum acceptable level of performance.
Đăng bởi: Statistical Control MeasureLead Time
The time taken for an item or product to move through a process from initiation to completion or delivery.
Đăng bởi: Process EfficiencyLeadership
Leadership: The action of leading a group of people or an organization, an essential part of a quality improvement effort.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLean
Lean: A systematic method for waste elimination or minimization (muda) within a manufacturing system without sacrificing productivity.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLean enterprise
Lean enterprise: An organization that has eliminated or minimized waste (muda).
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLean management
Delayering of the hierarchy and improved customer supplier relationships by streamlining the company and avoiding wasting resources.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLean Manufacturing
A production method emphasizing waste reduction, efficiency, and continuous improvement in manufacturing processes.
Đăng bởi: Production Management MethodologyLean manufacturing/production
Lean manufacturing/production: An initiative focused on eliminating all waste in manufacturing processes. Principles of lean manufacturing include zero waiting time, zero inventory, scheduling (internal customer pull instead of push system), batch to flow (cut batch sizes), line balancing and cutting actual process times. The production systems are characterized by optimum automation, just in time supplier delivery disciplines, quick changeover times, high levels of quality and continuous improvement.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLean migration
Lean migration: The journey from traditional manufacturing methods to one in which all forms of waste are systematically eliminated.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLean Six Sigma
A combination of Lean and Six Sigma methodologies, aiming to reduce waste and variation while improving processes.
Đăng bởi: Process Improvement FrameworkLeast Squares
A statistical method minimizing the sum of squared differences between observed and predicted values in regression analysis.
Đăng bởi: Statistical AnalysisLegend
A key or explanatory guide in a graph or chart providing information about symbols, colors, or elements used.
Đăng bởi: Data VisualizationLegionella
Bacterium causing Legionellosis, notably Legionnaires disease.
Đăng bởi: Hazardous Biological AgentLength of Observation
The duration or period for which observations, data collection, or studies are conducted to gather information or insights.
Đăng bởi: Data CollectionLetter Values Glossary
A compilation or explanation of letter values used in statistical analysis or models for representation or interpretation.
Đăng bởi: Statistical ReferenceLevel loading
Level loading: A technique for balancing production throughput over time. Life cycle stages: Design, manufacturing, assembly, installation, operation and shutdown periods of product development
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLeverages
Statistical measures assessing the impact or influence of individual data points on the overall regression model.
Đăng bởi: Regression AnalysisLeverages PLS
Measures in Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression assessing the influence or impact of variables on the model's structure.
Đăng bởi: Regression AnalysisLfs (Labour Force Survey)
Survey providing labor related statistics.
Đăng bởi: Workforce Related StatisticsLiability for fault
Damage can be directly assigned to the party that caused it. Obligation to damage compensation on the basis of statutory provisions that require culpable behavior in the form of wrongful intent or negligence.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLife cycle costs
Combination of investment and cost accounting that reverts to the concept of the life cycle. Here, the cost influencing factors are taken into account that often are not included in the cost accounting. A products costs are analyzed across all of its life phases (from the development through to disposal). This results in recommendations for the product design and the procurement, with the objective of optimizing the total costs.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLifo
LIFO (Last In, First Out) is an inventory management method where the last items purchased or produced are used or sold first.
Đăng bởi: Inventory ControlLikelihood
Estimate of risk probability within a specified time period.
Đăng bởi: Probability MeasurementLikelihood Ratio Test
A statistical test comparing the likelihood of observed data under different models, assessing their goodness of fit.
Đăng bởi: Statistical TestLimiting amount
Value for the lower limiting value and upper limiting value, which only differ by the sign. (On the basis of DIN 55350 12:1989)
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLimiting amount of deviation
Amount of the lower limiting deviation or of the upper limiting deviation regardless of whether the amounts are equal or not.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLimiting deviation
Lower limiting deviation or also upper limiting deviation. (On the basis of DIN 55350 12)
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLimiting quality
Quality level at which the lot inspected has a low probability of acceptance. Also referred to as LQ. (On the basis of ISO 3534 2: 2013)
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLimiting sample
Object that physically represents the limiting value of a quality characteristic. (On the basis of DIN 55350 15)
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLimiting value
Lower or upper limiting value. (On the basis of DIN 55350 15)
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLIMS
Laboratory Information Management System. A category of software systems that deals with data processing in chemistry, physics, biology or medical laboratories.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLine Balancing
A technique optimizing work distribution among multiple workstations to reduce idle time and improve production efficiency.
Đăng bởi: Production OptimizationLine Of Defence
Systematic approach delineating roles and responsibilities for effective risk management.
Đăng bởi: Risk Management StructureLine Plot
A graphical representation displaying data points as dots connected by lines, highlighting trends or patterns in the data.
Đăng bởi: Data VisualizationLinear Constraints
Constraints or limitations in a mathematical or optimization model represented as linear equations or inequalities.
Đăng bởi: Mathematical ModelingLinear Relationship
A mathematical or statistical relationship between variables that exhibits a constant rate of change or proportionality.
Đăng bởi: Statistical AnalysisLinearity
The property of a relationship or model where changes in one variable cause proportional changes in another variable.
Đăng bởi: Statistical MeasureLink Function
A mathematical function connecting the mean of a distribution to a linear predictor in statistical modeling.
Đăng bởi: Statistical ModelingLinkage Methods
Techniques or methodologies used in data analysis or clustering to link or group similar elements or data points together.
Đăng bởi: Data AnalysisLIRD
Last Inspection Record Date: The date marking the last recorded inspection or evaluation of a particular item or asset.
Đăng bởi: Inspection Record KeepingListening post
Listening post: An individual who, by virtue of his or her potential for having contact with customers, is designated to collect, document and transmit pertinent feedback to a central collection authority in the organization.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLiveLink
A software or technology facilitating real time collaboration or sharing of documents, data, or information among users.
Đăng bởi: Collaboration ToolLjung Box Q Statistic
A statistical test assessing whether residuals from a time series model exhibit significant autocorrelation at various lags.
Đăng bởi: Statistical TestLngamma
A mathematical function representing the logarithm of the gamma function, commonly used in probability and statistics.
Đăng bởi: Mathematical FunctionLoad load
Load load: A method of conducting single piece flow in which the operator proceeds from machine to machine, taking the part from one machine and loading it into the next. The lines allow different parts of a production process to be completed by one operator, eliminating the need to move around large batches of work in progress inventory.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLock Off
System to physically lock controls in the 'OFF' position for safety.
Đăng bởi: Safety Control MechanismsLockout/Tagout
Safety procedure for preventing equipment reactivation during repairs.
Đăng bởi: Safety ProcedureLog Likelihood
A statistical measure quantifying the likelihood of observed data given a specific model or distribution.
Đăng bởi: Statistical MeasureLog Residuals
Residuals or differences between observed and predicted values in logarithmic space in statistical analysis or modeling.
Đăng bởi: Statistical AnalysisLog t
A mathematical function representing the logarithm of the Student's t distribution probability density function.
Đăng bởi: Probability FunctionLogarithm
A mathematical function determining the power to which a fixed number (base) must be raised to obtain a given value.
Đăng bởi: Mathematical FunctionLoge
Natural Logarithm: A logarithm using the base 'e' (approximately 2.718) often used in mathematical and statistical calculations.
Đăng bởi: Mathematical FunctionLogical Analysis
An analytical method or approach based on reasoning, rational thinking, or deduction to derive conclusions or solve problems.
Đăng bởi: Analytical MethodLogistic Distribution
A probability distribution describing continuous random variables between a specified range, often resembling an S shaped curve.
Đăng bởi: Probability DistributionLogistic Regression
A statistical technique used to model the relationship between a binary dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
Đăng bởi: Statistical ModelingLogistic Regression Response Variables
Variables in logistic regression models representing outcomes or dependent variables in binary or categorical form.
Đăng bởi: Statistical ModelingLogistics quality
Ability to deliver and delivery reliability: The customer receives the right products in the right quantity at the right place and right time.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLoglogistic Distribution
A probability distribution model with two shape parameters, often used in survival analysis or modeling extreme events.
Đăng bởi: Probability DistributionLognormal Distribution
A probability distribution characterized by its logarithm being normally distributed, frequently used in financial modeling and natural phenomena.
Đăng bởi: Probability DistributionLoler (Lifting Operations And Lifting Equipment Regulations)
Regulations governing lifting equipment safety.
Đăng bởi: Lifting Equipment Safety StandardsLone Working
Working unaccompanied or without immediate access to assistance.
Đăng bởi: Condition/ProcedureLorenz curve
Graphical representation of statistical distributions and illustration of the extent of inequality. It was developed by Max Otto Lorenz.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLost customer analysis
Lost customer analysis: Analysis conducted to determine why a customer or a class of customers was lost.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLot
Lot: 1) A defined quantity of product accumulated under conditions considered uniform for sampling purposes. 2) Items constituting a defined quantity of uniform product for purposes of proceeding collectively through a process.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLot quality
Lot quality: The value of percentage defective or of defects per hundred units in a lot.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLot size (also referred to as N)
Lot size (also referred to as N): The number of units in a lot.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLot tolerance percentage defective (LTPD)
Lot tolerance percentage defective (LTPD): Expressed in percentage defective, the poorest quality in an individual lot that should be accepted. Note: LTPD is used as a basis for some inspection systems and is commonly associated with a small consumer risk.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLot, batch
Lot, batch: A definite quantity of some product manufactured under conditions of production that are considered uniform.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLOV chart
Flow chart with assignment to the organizational unit. The direct interface to the process customer (line of visibility) is distinctly visible. The LOV chart also shows which organizational unit deals with which process step.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLower Control Limit
The lower boundary or limit in a control chart, representing the minimum acceptable level of performance or quality.
Đăng bởi: Statistical Control MeasureLower control limit (LCL)
Lower control limit (LCL): Control limit for points below the central line in a control chart.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLower Exposure Action Value
Lower noise exposure level requiring specific risk reduction actions.
Đăng bởi: Noise Exposure ThresholdLower limiting deviation
Lower limiting value minus the reference value. (On the basis of DIN 55350 12)
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementLower Specification Limit
The lower acceptable threshold for a product or process specified by customer requirements or standards.
Đăng bởi: Quality ControlLOWESS
Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing: A method for creating a smooth curve or trendline through scatterplot data.
Đăng bởi: Data SmoothingLudwig Erhard Preis
The Ludwig Erhard Prize is a German quality prize for outstanding achievements in competition which is awarded annually by the Ludwig Erhard Preis Auszeichnung fà ¼r Spitzenleistungen im Wettbewerb e.V. (ILEP) initiative. It was presented for the first time in 1997. The rating systems structure is similar to that of the European Quality Award. The Ludwig Erhard Prize fills the gap between individual national prizes in Germany and the EEA. This award bears the name of the German minister of economic affairs and later federal chancellor Ludwig Erhard (1897 1977), the Vater des Wirtschaftswunders, or leader of Germanys postwar economic recovery.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality management
