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There are currently 72 Glossary and Terminology in this directory beginning with the letter B.
B
Background and fill pattern color
Design or software feature allowing users to select and apply colors or patterns to fill backgrounds in visual elements or documents.
Đăng bởi: Design / Software FeatureBaka yoke
Baka yoke: A Japanese term for a manufacturing technique for preventing mistakes by designing the manufacturing process, equipment and tools so an operation literally cannot be performed incorrectly. In addition to preventing incorrect operation, the technique usually provides a warning signal of some sort for incorrect performance. Also see poka yoke.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBalanced and unbalanced design
In experimental design or sampling, balanced design has equal sample sizes for all conditions or groups, while unbalanced design has unequal sample sizes.
Đăng bởi: Experimental DesignBalanced plant
Balanced plant: A plant in which the capacity of all resources is balanced exactly with market demand.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBalanced scorecard
Balanced scorecard: A management system that provides feedback on internal business processes and external outcomes to continuously improve strategic performance and results.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBalancing the line
Balancing the line: The process of evenly distributing the quantity and variety of work across available work time, avoiding overburden and underuse of resources. This eliminates bottlenecks and downtime, which translates into shorter flow time.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBaldrige award
Baldrige award: See Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBAM
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und prüfung, Berlin. [German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing]
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBar
A graphical representation used in charts or graphs, often represented by a rectangular shape or column to display data.
Đăng bởi: Visualization ElementBar chart
Graphical representation of data in the form of bars.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBartletts Test
Statistical test used to determine if variances in multiple groups or samples are equal, checking the homogeneity of variances assumption.
Đăng bởi: Statistical TestBase Data Display
Presentation or representation of primary or raw data before any modification or analysis.
Đăng bởi: Data RepresentationBase Design
Initial or fundamental structure or plan serving as the foundation for further development or modifications.
Đăng bởi: Design / PlanningBase Random Number
A starting point for generating a series of random numbers in statistical simulations or experiments.
Đăng bởi: Statistical ToolBaseline measurement
Baseline measurement: The beginning point, based on an evaluation of output over a period of time, used to determine the process parameters prior to any improvement effort; the basis against which change is measured.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBaseline Measures
Initial or starting point measurements used as a reference for comparison in performance evaluation or improvement.
Đăng bởi: Performance MetricsBasic quality concepts
Basic quality concepts: Fundamental ideas and tools that define the quality of a product or service. These include fitness for use, histograms, process capability indexes, cause and effect diagrams, failure mode and effects analysis, and control charts.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBatch and queue
Batch and queue: Producing more than one piece and then moving the pieces to the next operation before they are needed.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBAuA
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin [German Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health], Dortmund.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBayes' theorem
Bayes' theorem: A formula to calculate conditional probabilities by relating the conditional and marginal probability distributions of random variables.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBekidouritsu
Operational availability (standard reading is: BEKIDOURITSU, not KADOURITSU), equal to the time a machine is on divided by the time it is engaged in value adding work
Đăng bởi: Japanese KAIZEN/CIBenchmarking
Benchmarking: A technique in which an organization measures its performance against that of best in class organizations, determines how those organizations achieved their performance levels and uses the information to improve its own performance. Subjects that can be benchmarked include strategies, operations and processes.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBenefit cost analysis
Benefit cost analysis: An examination of the relationship between the monetary cost of implementing an improvement and the monetary value of the benefits achieved by the improvement, both within the same time period.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBernoulli Distribution
Discrete probability distribution describing random experiments with binary outcomes (success or failure) having constant probability.
Đăng bởi: Probability DistributionBest practice
Best practice: A superior method or innovative practice that contributes to the improved performance of an organization, usually recognized as best by other peer organizations.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBest settings
The term is used to classify the optimal setting of the most important input variables (see also: Red X). Within the Six Sigma DMAIC cycle, this is used in the improve phase.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBest Subsets Regression
Statistical method evaluating all possible subsets of predictor variables in regression analysis to identify the best fitting model.
Đăng bởi: Statistical TechniqueBeta Distribution
Continuous probability distribution used to model outcomes bounded between two values, such as time or proportions.
Đăng bởi: Probability DistributionBeta risk
Risk that Ha is rejected and Ho is accepted, although there really is a difference.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBeta test
A products last test phase before delivery to the customer or dealer. The software industry uses the beta test phase to test the stability and freedom from defects in the most economical way possible and also releases software to customers ahead of time (at no charge).
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBetrVG
Betriebsverfassungsgesetz [German Works Constitution Act]
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBias
Systematic error or deviation from the true value or expected value in measurements or predictions.
Đăng bởi: Statistical MeasureBias and Linearity
Evaluation of the relationship between predicted values and observed values in statistical models. Bias refers to systematic errors, while linearity assesses the relationship's straightness.
Đăng bởi: Statistical AnalysisBig Q, little q
Big Q, little q: A term used to contrast the difference between managing for quality in all business processes and products (big Q) and managing for quality in a limited capacitytraditionally only in factory products and processes (little q).
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBinomial Capability Plots
Graphical representation used in quality control to assess the capability of a process with binomial data (two possible outcomes).
Đăng bởi: Quality Control ToolBinomial Distribution
Discrete probability distribution describing the number of successes in a fixed number of independent trials with two possible outcomes.
Đăng bởi: Probability DistributionBins
Categories or intervals used to group and organize data in histograms, bar charts, or other graphical representations.
Đăng bởi: Data OrganizationBlack Belt
Six Sigma expert who concentrates on project execution in a company. These experts are permanent members in Six Sigma projects and provide the team with knowledge and experience on the correct selection and use of the various tools and methods. As a rule, large or strategically important projects are headed by a Six Sigma Black Belt.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBlack Belt (BB)
Black Belt (BB): A full time team leader responsible for implementing process improvement projectsdefine, measure, analyze, improve and control (DMAIC) or define, measure, analyze, design and verify (DMADV)within a business to drive up customer satisfaction and productivity levels.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBlank Delimited
Data format or structure where fields or values are separated by blank spaces or gaps in a file or document.
Đăng bởi: Data FormatBlemish
Blemish: An imperfection severe enough to be noticed but that should not cause any real impairment with respect to intended normal or reasonably foreseeable use. Also see defect, imperfection and nonconformity.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBlock diagram
Block diagram: A diagram that shows the operation, interrelationships and interdependencies of components in a system. Boxes, or blocks (hence the name), represent the components; connecting lines between the blocks represent interfaces. There are two types of block diagrams: a functional block diagram, which shows a systems subsystems and lower level products and their interrelationships and which interfaces with other systems; and a reliability block diagram, which is similar to the functional block diagram but is modified to emphasize those aspects influencing reliability.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBlocks
In experimental design, a division of experimental units into groups to minimize variability from external factors.
Đăng bởi: Experimental DesignBloodborne Pathogens
Infectious microorganisms in human blood causing diseases.
Đăng bởi: Health HazardBNetzA
Bundesnetzagentur für Elektrizität, Gas, Telekommunikation, Post und Eisenbahnen, Bonn. [German Federal Network Agency for Electricity, Gas, Telecommunications, Post and Railway]. The organization was established on January 1, 1998 as regulators for telecommunication and post (RegTP) and renamed the Bundesnetzagentur [German Federal Network Agency] on July 13, 2005. It is the regulatory body responsible for maintaining and promoting competition in network markets. www.bundesnetzagentur.de
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBoard of Standards Review (BSR)
Board of Standards Review (BSR): An American National Standards Institute board responsible for the approval and withdrawal of American National Standards.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBody of knowledge (BoK)
Body of knowledge (BoK): The prescribed aggregation of knowledge in a particular area an individual is expected to have mastered to be considered or certified as a practitioner.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBonus malus system
System that rewards good performances (bonus) and penalizes poor performances (malus). This system can also be associated with financial quantities.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBottom line
Bottom line: The essential or salient point; the primary or most important consideration. Also, the line at the bottom of a financial report that shows the net profit or loss.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBox and whisker plot
Box and whisker plot: A plot used in exploratory data analysis to picture the centering and variation of the data based on quartiles. After the data are ordered, the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles are identified. The box contains the data between the 25th and 75th percentiles.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBox plot
Graphical evaluation of the dispersion and distribution of data. It must be noted that the data are divided into four quartiles, i.e., 25% of the data is combined into one quartile. The gray box (see graphic) corresponds to the area in which the middle 50% of the data lies. The box plot representation shows the median and not the arithmetic mean. The antennas above and below the box represent the data values that lie outside the box in the 1st and 4th quartile.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBrainstorming
Brainstorming: A technique teams use to generate ideas on a particular subject. Each person on the team is asked to think creatively and write down as many ideas as possible. The ideas are not discussed or reviewed until after the brainstorming session.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBreakthrough improvement
Breakthrough improvement: A dynamic, decisive movement to a new, higher level of performance.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBS 7799
BS 7799: A standard written by British commerce, government and industry stakeholders to address information security management issues, including fraud, industrial espionage and physical disaster. Today, there are three parts to the standard. Part one became ISO/IEC 17799, Information technologyCode of practice for information security management. BS 7799 Part 2 focuses on information security management systems. BS 7799 Part 3 covers risk analysis and management.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBSI
1. Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik [German Federal Office for Information Security], Bonn. www.bsi.bund.de; 2. British Standards Institution, London. www. bsigroup.com
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBusiness Excellence
See Excellence models, Total Quality Management.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBusiness process
Process that is determined by the customers specific requirements and that produces a benefit (value creation) for both the customer and the organization providing the product or service. A business process is consequently a procedure for solving customer problems.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBusiness Process Management
Planning, organization and monitoring of a companys processes in terms of quality, time, costs and customer satisfaction. The objective of this management concept is to optimize and automate business processes to a large extent.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBusiness Process Reengineering
Concept to refocus companies: Fundamental change in the company sequences with the objective of completely restructuring all relevant processes. The processes should be redesigned in order to achieve the greatest possible efficiency.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality managementBusiness process reengineering (BPR)
Business process reengineering (BPR): The concentration on improving business processes to deliver outputs that will achieve results meeting the firms objectives, priorities and mission.
Đăng bởi: Productivity and quality management
